Catholic Commentary
The Remnant Turns Back to God
7In that day, people will look to their Maker, and their eyes will have respect for the Holy One of Israel.8They will not look to the altars, the work of their hands; neither shall they respect that which their fingers have made, either the Asherah poles or the incense altars.
Isaiah 17:7–8 depicts a future remnant turning away from idolatry to worship only their Creator, the Holy One of Israel. The passage emphasizes that people will cease revering human-made objects like Asherah poles and incense altars, redirecting their spiritual gaze from created things toward God alone.
Idolatry is a disorder of attention—the gaze turns from the Creator to the creature—and conversion is the simple, radical act of looking back.
The Typological/Spiritual Sense
At the anagogical level, this passage prefigures the eschatological conversion of the nations described later in Isaiah (chs. 60–66), and the Church Fathers read it in relation to the gentile mission. Eusebius of Caesarea (Demonstratio Evangelica III.2) saw in "their Maker" a reference to the Logos, through whom all things were made (Jn 1:3), and in the turning of the remnant a type of the gentiles who, through the Gospel, abandon their idols to worship the true God. Origen similarly saw the Asherah poles and incense altars as figures of every false philosophy and disordered attachment that the soul must renounce to turn fully to Christ.
The passage also belongs to Isaiah's broader theology of the šĕʾār (remnant), which reaches its fullest expression in chapter 10. The remnant is not a reward for virtue but a gift of grace — it is precisely because the nation has been stripped to its roots that it can grow again. Judgment is, paradoxically, the instrument of salvation.
Catholic tradition brings distinctive resources to this passage at several levels.
Creation and Worship (CCC §§ 27–35; 2084–2094): The Catechism teaches that the human heart is ordered by its very nature toward the Creator: "God himself, in creating man in his own image, has written upon his heart the desire to see him" (CCC §2566). Isaiah 17:7 dramatizes exactly this: the remnant's act of turning to their "Maker" is a recovery of the natural orientation of the human creature. Idolatry, by contrast, is described in the Catechism as the "perversion of man's innate religious sense" (CCC §2114), a disordering of the gaze that verse 8 precisely describes.
The Prophetic Critique of Idolatry and the Fathers: St. John Chrysostom (Homilies on the Statues) and St. Augustine (City of God VIII–X) both develop the patristic consensus that idols represent the soul's disordered love — a turning from the infinite to the finite, from Being itself to its shadow. Augustine's formulation — cor nostrum inquietum est donec requiescat in te (Confessions I.1) — captures the Isaian anthropology precisely: the heart is restless, misdirecting its gaze, until it rests in the Maker.
The Remnant and Ecclesiology: Pope Benedict XVI, drawing on his doctoral work on Augustine, noted that the Isaian remnant theology was foundational to the New Testament understanding of the Church as the true Israel — small, purified, centered on the covenant (cf. Jesus of Nazareth, Vol. I, ch. 1). The remnant who turn to the Holy One of Israel become the seedbed of the messianic community. Vatican II's Lumen Gentium §9 explicitly recalls this remnant heritage in describing the People of God.
The Holy One of Israel and Trinitarian Theology: The patristic and medieval tradition (Origen, Jerome, St. Thomas Aquinas, STh I.39.8) read the divine holiness of this title as pointing toward the Trinitarian life — holiness is not a solitary attribute but the relational perfection of the divine Persons. To "have respect for the Holy One of Israel" is ultimately, for the Christian reader, to be drawn into Trinitarian communion.
Isaiah 17:7–8 confronts the contemporary Catholic with a disarmingly precise question: What do I actually look at? Not in a metaphorical sense, but in the literal, daily sense of where attention, desire, and trust are directed. The passage's diagnosis is that idolatry is first and foremost a disorder of attention — the eyes drift toward "the work of their hands," toward things we have made or can control. In a culture of screens, metrics, curated self-presentation, and the relentless stimulation of the visual field, the Isaian remnant's act of turning the eyes back toward the Maker is a genuinely countercultural spiritual discipline.
Concretely, this passage invites the Catholic to examine the modern equivalents of Asherah poles and incense altars — not exotic cult objects, but the ordinary things that have come to occupy the place of God: financial security, status, ideological tribe, even religious achievement. The remnant's conversion in Isaiah is not a single dramatic moment but a re-ordering of the gaze, a practice. The liturgical tradition of the Church — especially the sursum corda ("lift up your hearts") at every Mass — enacts this turning in ritual form: the community is called to direct its eyes upward, toward the One who made them, as the proper posture of human existence.
Commentary
Isaiah 17:7 — "People will look to their Maker"
The Hebrew verb šāʿâ (look, gaze with attentiveness) is not casual glancing but directed, reverent beholding — the kind of sustained attention that implies trust and dependence. The title ʿōśēhû ("their Maker") is theologically charged: it anchors the act of turning in the doctrine of creation. To look to one's Maker is to acknowledge the fundamental relationship of creature to Creator, the ontological bond that idolatry distorts and denies. Isaiah uses the same Maker-language in 17:7 that appears in the Psalms (Ps 95:6; Ps 149:2), grounding worship in the act of creation itself.
The appositional phrase "the Holy One of Israel" (Qĕdôš Yiśrāʾēl) is one of Isaiah's most distinctive titles for God — appearing some 25 times in the book and rarely elsewhere. It simultaneously evokes transcendence (the divine holiness that separates God from all created things) and covenant intimacy (the Lord is holy of Israel, bound to this particular people). The remnant's conversion is therefore not merely a philosophical return to monotheism but a renewal of the Sinai covenant relationship. They are not simply recognizing an abstract divine principle; they are returning to the One who chose them.
Isaiah 17:8 — "They will not look to the altars, the work of their hands"
The verse's structure is a precise inversion of verse 7. In verse 7, eyes are directed upward toward the Maker; in verse 8, the same verb (šāʿâ) is used negatively — they will not look to the altars they themselves made. The rhetorical contrast is elegant: the same human gaze that was corrupted by idolatry is now healed and reoriented. Isaiah emphasizes the manual origin of the idols — "work of their hands," "that which their fingers have made" — a characteristic prophetic polemic (cf. Is 2:8; 44:9–20; Ps 115:4–8) that exposes the absurdity of worshipping something inferior to the worshipper. The idol is the product of the craftsman; the craftsman himself is the product of God. To worship the idol is to invert the order of creation.
The specific objects named — Asherah poles (ʾăšērîm) and incense altars (ḥammānîm) — are not generic idols but specifically Canaanite cult objects. The Asherah was a stylized sacred tree or pole associated with the fertility goddess Asherah, consort of Baal; the ḥammānîm (from a root related to heat or the sun) were probably incense stands associated with solar worship. Their mention places the northern kingdom's sin in its precise historical context: syncretism with Canaanite religion, the persistent temptation from the time of the judges onward. The remnant's conversion involves a specific renunciation of these specific counterfeits.