Catholic Commentary
Job's Two Conditions for a Fair Hearing
20“Only don’t do two things to me, then I will not hide myself from your face:21withdraw your hand far from me, and don’t let your terror make me afraid.22Then call, and I will answer, or let me speak, and you answer me.
Job 13:20–22 presents Job's two carefully reasoned legal demands for a fair hearing with God: that God withdraw the afflicting hand and then engage Job in dialogue, either by calling first or allowing Job to speak. Job frames these conditions not as desperate pleading but as the bare minimum requirements for just adjudication between himself and his accuser.
Job doesn't beg for mercy — he demands the conditions for a fair trial with God, proving that genuine faith means standing before the divine tribunal with dignity intact.
Job 13:20 — "Only don't do two things to me"
The Hebrew akh ("only") functions as a restrictive particle of intense focus — Job is not cataloguing endless grievances but making a precise, carefully reasoned petition. The phrase "two things" (shtayim) signals a rhetorical structure common in Hebrew wisdom literature (cf. Prov 30:7–9), where a numbered list signals deliberate, measured argument rather than emotional overflow. Job here positions himself not as a suppliant begging for mercy but as a legal disputant requesting fair conditions for a hearing. The forensic atmosphere is critical: Job has just declared in 13:18, "I have prepared my case; I know I shall be vindicated." This verse launches his specific terms. The number two is itself significant — not an impossible list, not a laundry list of demands, but a spare and reasonable minimum. Job is arguing that justice requires only two adjustments, nothing extravagant.
Job 13:21 — "Withdraw your hand far from me"
The first condition is the removal of God's "hand" (yad), a biblical idiom for divine power exerted in affliction (cf. Ps 32:4; 38:2). The word "far" (rachaq) intensifies the request — Job is not asking for a slight easing of pressure but for genuine relief sufficient to allow clear thought and free speech. He cannot argue his case while being simultaneously crushed. This is not atheism or rejection of God; it is a legal plea for a level playing field. The same "hand of God" that Job asks to be withdrawn is the hand he wishes to encounter in dialogue. There is a profound theological tension here: God's power, which overwhelms Job, is the same power from which Job seeks justice. St. Gregory the Great, in his Moralia in Job, notes that Job's boldness here is paradoxically a form of trust — only a man who believes in God's ultimate fairness would dare to propose such conditions. Gregory reads Job's afflicted body as a figure of the Church pressed by tribulation, still capable of demanding a hearing from God.
Job 13:22 — "Then call, and I will answer"
The second condition inverts the normal order of prayer: usually the human calls and hopes God will answer (cf. Ps 27:7; Jer 33:3). Here Job offers God the option of calling first, and pledges that he himself will respond. This inversion is theologically electrifying. Job is not abdicating the conversation — he offers a second alternative ("or let me speak, and you reply to me"), making clear that he will engage under either arrangement. The verb "call" (qara') is a covenant term, the same word used for God's summoning of Israel and of individual prophets. Job implicitly claims a relationship intimate enough that God's "call" to him is conceivable. The symmetry of the two options — God initiates or Job initiates — insists on genuine mutuality. This is not the posture of a crushed man who has given up; it is the posture of a man who insists, against all appearances, that the relationship between himself and God is real, bilateral, and capable of being conducted with integrity.
Typological and Spiritual Senses
In the allegorical reading favored by the Fathers, Job prefigures Christ, who in his Passion bore the full weight of the divine "hand" — not as punishment for sin but in redemptive solidarity with sinful humanity. The plea to "withdraw your hand" finds its echo in Gethsemane ("let this cup pass from me"), while the readiness to answer God's call mirrors Christ's ultimate "yet not my will, but yours." Job's insistence on dialogue also prefigures the intercessory role of Christ as the one Mediator (1 Tim 2:5), who stands between humanity and the Father, demanding — and obtaining — a hearing.
Catholic tradition finds in these verses a remarkable theology of prayer as honest encounter rather than mere submission. The Catechism of the Catholic Church teaches that "prayer is a covenant relationship between God and man in Christ" (CCC 2564) and that it involves "the humble and trusting petition" of the creature before the Creator. Job's petition stretches this definition to its outer limit — it is humble in its precision but startling in its directness — and Catholic tradition has consistently refused to condemn this boldness.
St. Thomas Aquinas, commenting on Job through Albertus Magnus's tradition, emphasizes that Job's demand for a hearing is ordered toward iustitia — justice — which is itself a divine attribute. To seek justice from God is not impiety; it is a recognition that God is its source. Aquinas distinguishes between the impatient murmuring that sins against hope and the bold petition that expresses a deeper faith in God's righteousness.
Pope Benedict XVI, in Jesus of Nazareth, reflects on how the Psalms — and by extension Job — teach us that God can "bear" the full weight of human accusation because he himself has entered into human suffering in Christ. This is the distinctly Catholic reading: Job's daring is not corrected by the New Testament but fulfilled in it. The Incarnation reveals that God did not merely tolerate Job's conditions; he met them in the person of the Son, who became the accused, the suffering just man, the one who stood before the divine tribunal on humanity's behalf.
The Church Fathers (especially Gregory the Great and John Chrysostom) read Job's readiness to "answer" God's call as a model of the soul's availability to grace — a willingness to respond that underpins the Catholic theology of cooperation with grace (synergeia), defined at the Council of Trent (Session VI, Decree on Justification, ch. 5).
Contemporary Catholics often struggle with a sanitized image of prayer — one in which honesty before God is confused with irreverence. Job's two conditions offer a corrective. When illness, grief, injustice, or spiritual desolation make prayer feel impossible, the instinct is often to go silent, assuming God is unapproachable in such rawness. Job models the opposite: even when the "hand" of God feels crushing, the relationship is not forfeit. A Catholic enduring chronic suffering, a devastating diagnosis, or a profound sense of divine absence can take from these verses a specific permission — to tell God exactly what conditions feel necessary before genuine dialogue can resume, and then to mean it when they say, "Call, and I will answer."
Practically, this passage invites an examination of our own prayer lives: Are we truly in conversation with God, or performing a monologue of requests? Do we make ourselves available to be called — through Scripture, the sacraments, spiritual direction, silence — ready to answer? The Daily Examen of St. Ignatius of Loyola is one concrete practice in which a Catholic can cultivate exactly this bilateral readiness Job describes.
Commentary