Catholic Commentary
The Israelites Rescue Achior and Bring Him to Their Leaders
14But the children of Israel descended from their city, and came to him, untied him, led him away into Bethulia, and presented him to the rulers of their city,15which were in those days Ozias the son of Micah, of the tribe of Simeon, and Chabris the son of Gothoniel, and Charmis the son of Melchiel.
Judith 6:14–15 describes how the Israelites rescued Achior from where the Assyrians had left him bound and brought him to Bethulia, presenting him to the city's three rulers: Ozias, Chabris, and Charmis. The leaders' formal reception of Achior and his testimony demonstrates Israel's collegial governance structure and commitment to truth, contrasting sharply with Holofernes's autocratic command.
The community of faith doesn't debate whether to rescue the truth-teller; it descends from safety, cuts his bonds, and presents him formally to leadership.
Judith 6:14 — The Descent, the Liberation, the Presentation
The verse is structured around four deliberate, sequential actions: the Israelites descended, came to him, untied him, and led him away into Bethulia. The deliberateness of the narration is significant. Holofernes had intended Achior's binding at the base of the mountain as a spectacle of humiliation — a sign that those who speak favorably of Israel will share in their supposed doom (cf. Jdt 6:9–13). The Israelites' response is a direct counter-sign: what the enemy meant as a mark of shame, the people of God transform into an act of rescue and solidarity.
The verb "descended" (Lat. descenderunt; Gk. κατέβησαν) carries weight in the context of siege warfare. Bethulia sits on high ground; coming down from the city walls to retrieve Achior was a calculated risk. The community exposes itself to potential enemy observation or attack in order to recover a stranger who has told them the truth. This is not a passive act of piety but an active, courageous one. The literal geography — descent from the protected high ground into the exposed valley — becomes a figure for self-giving love that leaves safety behind.
Achior is then "presented" to the city's rulers — the Greek verb (παρέστησαν) used here suggests a formal act, much as one would present a person before a judge or king. This is not merely hospitality but a civic and quasi-judicial reception: Achior's story and testimony, once reported by him to the Assyrian camp, must now be heard by Israel's legitimate authority. Truth that was rejected by worldly power (Holofernes) is welcomed and formally received by the people of God.
Judith 6:15 — The Naming of the Three Leaders
The meticulous naming of Ozias, Chabris, and Charmis — with full patronymics and tribal affiliation — is a characteristic feature of the deuterocanonical style and serves a theological as much as a historical purpose. Ozias is identified as "of the tribe of Simeon," which is significant: Simeon, the brother of Levi, was associated both with zeal for the LORD (cf. Num 25:6–13, where Phinehas, a descendant of Levi, acts alongside Simeonites) and with a certain hot-blooded imprudence (Gen 34; Gen 49:5–7). The tribe's inclusion here, in a context that will culminate in Judith's own bold and violent deliverance of Israel, is no accident.
The three-leader structure — Ozias, Chabris, Charmis — mirrors the collegial governance model recognizable elsewhere in Israel's tribal tradition. No single autocrat presides; authority is shared. Achior is presented not to one ruler but to a council. This functions as a dramatic foil to the preceding scene in Holofernes's tent, where a single imperial commander silences all dissent. The Church of God is governed differently than the kingdoms of this world.
The naming of fathers ("son of Micah," "son of Gothoniel," "son of Melchiel") further anchors this moment in genealogical memory — these men stand in a tradition, accountable to their ancestors and to God. The name Gothoniel evokes Othniel, Israel's first judge (Judg 3:9), and the echo suggests that Bethulia's leaders, however beleaguered, stand in the line of those whom God has used to deliver His people.
Catholic tradition reads the Book of Judith not merely as history but as a sustained theological meditation — on divine providence, on the reversal of worldly power, and on the surprising instruments God chooses for salvation. The rescue of Achior in these verses participates in all three themes.
First, the liberation of the bound stranger anticipates what the Catechism calls the Church's vocation to be a "sign and instrument" of communion among human beings (CCC §775). Achior, a non-Israelite who has confessed the God of Israel's power and suffered for it, is now received into the community of faith — his bonds cut, his person honored, his testimony heard by legitimate authority. St. Ambrose, commenting on the hospitality owed to those who confess the truth, writes that the reception of a stranger who has borne witness is itself an act of worship (De officiis I.29).
Second, the collegial leadership structure named in verse 15 resonates with Catholic teaching on the nature of ecclesial authority. The Second Vatican Council's Lumen Gentium (§22–23) emphasizes that the Church's pastoral authority is exercised collegially, never by isolated individual will. Bethulia's three-leader council mirrors this instinct: decisions of gravity — including how to receive a stranger who carries news of existential threat — are made in common.
Third, Achior's trajectory in these verses is typologically suggestive. Bound unjustly, he is freed; an outsider, he is received; a witness dismissed by earthly power, he is honored by the covenant community. The Fathers of the Church, including Origen, consistently read such figures as types of the Gentile who comes to faith through Israel and is incorporated into the People of God (cf. Eph 2:11–19). Achior will later receive circumcision and join the house of Israel (Jdt 14:10), making his reception here the beginning of a conversion narrative embedded within a liberation narrative.
Contemporary Catholics live in communities — parishes, families, small groups — that are regularly called to receive those who have been marginalized or "left at the foot of the wall" by hostile forces: the person who has confessed an unpopular truth and been ostracized, the convert who has suffered for leaving a former religion, the whistleblower in a family or workplace who told the truth and was punished for it. The Israelites' response to Achior is a concrete model: they go down from safety, untie the person, lead them into community, and present them formally to leadership.
Notice what they do not do: they do not debate whether Achior deserves rescue, or whether helping him is politically inconvenient, or whether his presence will complicate their negotiations with Holofernes. They act, at personal risk, out of solidarity with a truth-teller. For Catholics today, this might mean advocating for a colleague who raised a just concern and was sidelined, accompanying a convert through the formal RCIA process, or ensuring that those who have suffered for the faith are not simply forgotten in the pews but formally welcomed and heard by pastoral leadership.