Psalms 73:1–3

Psalms 73:1 — "Surely God is good to Israel" The Hebrew word translated "surely" (אַךְ, ak) is emphatic and adversative — it functions almost as a hard-won confession wrung from a struggling soul rather than an easy creedal recitation. The psalmist Asaph (one of David's appointed temple musicians; cf. 1 Chr 16:5) is not opening with naive optimism but with a truth he is fighting to hold onto. "Good to Israel" echoes the covenantal language of the Exodus tradition, where God's goodness (טוֹב, tov) is bound up with his hesed — his faithful, covenant-sustaining love. The phrase "to Israel" and the subsequent "to those who are pure in heart" may signal a narrowing: God's goodness is not indiscriminate, but is experienced within the covenant relationship and in the interior life of genuine devotion. The Septuagint renders this "God is good to Israel, to those upright in heart," making the parallelism explicit. Critically, this verse arrives before the psalmist narrates his crisis — it functions as both a frame and a lifeline, the doctrinal anchor he nearly lost grip of.

Psalms 73:2 — "But as for me, my feet were almost gone" The Hebrew (כִּמְעַט שָׁפְכוּ אַשֻּׁרָי, kim'at shafkhu ashuray) is viscerally physical: his steps were nearly "poured out" — suggesting the buckle and collapse of legs giving way. This is the language of a man who nearly fell. The idiom of "feet slipping" in the Psalms is consistently associated with apostasy, moral failure, or the abandonment of covenant fidelity (cf. Ps 94:18; Ps 38:16). This is not mere intellectual doubt; it is the vertiginous experience of feeling one's entire moral and theological footing dissolve. Asaph writes in the past tense — he has survived this crisis and looks back on it — which is itself an important pastoral note. The confession is retrospective, offered now from the vantage of hard-won insight.

Psalms 73:3 — "For I was envious of the arrogant" The causal particle "for" (כִּי, ki) links the near-fall directly to its psychological cause: envy (qinneti, from קָנָא, to be jealous, to burn with zeal, here negatively). The object of envy is "the arrogant" (הוֹלְלִים, hollelim — literally the boastful, the vainglorious). This envy is not simple covetousness of possessions but a deeper theological disturbance: the arrogant prosper, and this prosperity seems to mock the covenant promise that the righteous will flourish. The psalmist sees the wicked thriving and feels the ground of his faith shift. The "peace of the wicked" (v. 3b, implied by the following verses) becomes a mirror that shows the apparent futility of righteousness. This is the scandalum — the stumbling block — that nearly undoes him.

Spiritual and Typological Senses At the typological level, the near-fall of Asaph prefigures the stumbling of every covenant people confronted with the mystery of why the wicked prosper and the innocent suffer. In the Catholic tradition, this Psalm is read alongside Job as the great scriptural explorations of theodicy. The "feet almost gone" resonates with Peter's wavering on the water (Mt 14:30) and the disciples' abandonment at Gethsemane — figures of faith nearly extinguished by scandal and circumstance. Christ himself, in his cry of dereliction (Ps 22:1), enters into this abyss of apparent divine abandonment, sanctifying and redeeming precisely the experience Asaph describes.

Catholic tradition brings several distinctive lenses to these opening verses. First, the Church Fathers read Psalm 73 as a Christological and ecclesiological text. St. Augustine, in his Enarrationes in Psalmos, identifies the voice of Asaph as a figure of the Church — the Body of Christ that confesses God's goodness even while its members waver in faith. For Augustine, "God is good to Israel" is not merely a historical claim but a permanent ecclesial confession: the Church holds the truth even when individual members nearly lose their footing.

Second, Catholic moral theology recognizes in verse 3 a precise description of the capital sin of envy (Latin: invidia) — defined by the Catechism of the Catholic Church as "sadness at the sight of another's goods and the immoderate desire to acquire them for oneself" (CCC 2539). Crucially, the Catechism notes that envy "can lead to the worst crimes" (CCC 2540) precisely because it constitutes a rejection of divine Providence — a refusal to trust that God's ordering of goods is just. Asaph's envy is thus not merely a personal failing but a theological disorder: he is, in effect, questioning God's governance of the world.

Third, the Dei Verbum principle that Scripture must be read "in the light of the same Spirit by whom it was written" (DV 12) invites us to see verse 1 as a confession sustained by grace rather than by sight — anticipating Paul's teaching in 2 Cor 5:7. St. Thomas Aquinas, commenting on the Psalms, notes that the psalmist's framing of the confession before the crisis is an act of fides quaerens intellectum — faith seeking understanding — which is the very posture the Church commends to believers in times of spiritual trial.

Contemporary Catholics face a version of Asaph's crisis with striking regularity: the colleague who cuts corners advances; the faithful marriage struggles while more convenient arrangements thrive; the devout person suffers illness while the indifferent seem untouched. Social media has intensified this ancient wound — the curated prosperity of others is now inescapable, and envy metastasizes faster than ever. Asaph's honesty is itself a pastoral gift: Catholic spirituality does not demand that we pretend the scandal does not exist. The Ignatian tradition calls this desolation — a real spiritual state to be named, not suppressed. The practical invitation of these three verses is this: when your feet begin to slip, do not first seek to explain God's justice; first retrieve the confessional anchor of verse 1. Repeat what you know to be true — "God is good" — even before you understand how. Then bring the envy, the near-fall, and the stumbling honestly to prayer, as Asaph did, trusting that the sanctuary (v. 17) will eventually give what argument cannot.