Proverbs 5:7–14

Proverbs 5:7 — "Now therefore, my sons, listen to me." The word "therefore" (Hebrew we'attah, "and now") is a rhetorical pivot, snapping the listener from observation to obligation. The father has just described the seductive woman in vv. 1–6; now he turns from description to command. The plural "sons" is significant: the warning is not merely private counsel but a communal, transferable wisdom, addressed to a whole generation. The opening imperative shim'u-li ("listen to me") echoes the Shema tradition; wisdom is not a suggestion but a summons to obedience.

Proverbs 5:8 — "Remove your way far from her." The Hebrew harhēq (remove, keep far) implies more than avoidance — it is the language of deliberate spatial and moral distancing. "Do not come near the door of her house." The father does not say "resist her when you meet her" but "structure your life so you never arrive at the place of temptation." This is the biblical precursor to what Catholic moral theology calls the occasio proxima peccati — the near occasion of sin. Prudence begins upstream, not at the moment of crisis.

Proverbs 5:9 — "Lest you give your honor to others." Hod (honor, majesty, splendor) is the word used of royal dignity. The folly of adultery does not merely embarrass; it transfers one's God-given dignity to another — to rivals, to the dishonored woman's husband, ultimately to sin itself. The "cruel one" referenced in the full verse (not quoted here but implied) may allude to the cuckolded husband or, spiritually, to the demonic force that profits from human degradation.

Proverbs 5:10 — "Lest strangers feast on your wealth." The Hebrew kōaḥ (strength, wealth, produce) includes both economic and generative power. Adultery in the ancient world entailed real legal penalties — forfeitures, indemnities, public shame — but the sage is pointing to something deeper: the inexorable logic of sin, which always extracts more than it offers. What was meant to be given as gift (one's substance, generativity, life-force) is consumed by strangers who have no covenant claim on it.

Verses 11–12 — "You will groan at your latter end... 'How I have hated instruction.'" 'ānaḥtā (groan, sigh) is used in Lamentations for the mourning of Jerusalem. The "latter end" ('aḥărîtekā) is an eschatological term — it points not merely to old age but to final reckoning. The self-accusation of v. 12 is devastating in its precision: the fool does not say "I didn't know better" but "I hated instruction." The verb sānē'tî (I hated) is the same word used for divine hatred of idolatry and injustice. The sinner confesses not ignorance but willful contempt of wisdom.

Proverbs 5:13 — "I haven't obeyed the voice of my teachers." The plural "teachers" and the earlier "my instructors" (in the fuller text) may allude to both earthly sages and, typologically, to the prophets and ultimately to Christ. The Church Fathers read the magisterium of Wisdom in Proverbs as a figure of the teaching authority of the Church; to refuse the wise father's counsel is to refuse the ongoing instruction of the Logos incarnate.

Proverbs 5:14 — "I have come to the brink of utter ruin." B'me'at kol-ra' — "almost in all evil, in the midst of the congregation and assembly." The ruin is both moral and communal; sin has a public dimension. The sinner's degradation is not merely private; it brings scandal into the assembly (qahal), the covenant community. Here the literal and spiritual senses converge: sin's consequence is not only personal but ecclesial — it wounds the Body.

Catholic tradition reads this passage on multiple levels simultaneously, and each level deepens the others.

The Moral Sense and the Near Occasion of Sin: The Catechism teaches that "the virtue of chastity involves the integrity of the person and thus the integrality of the gift of self" (CCC 2338) and that we are to "avoid the occasions of sin" (CCC 1853, cf. 2284). Verse 8's command to stay far from her door is the scriptural root of this teaching. St. John Chrysostom comments on this passage that "flight is the only victory" — not because the flesh cannot ultimately be disciplined, but because prudence demands that we never trust our own strength at the threshold of temptation.

The Allegorical Sense — Strange Woman as Heresy and Idolatry: Origen and St. Ambrose read the "strange woman" of Proverbs 5 as a figure of heresy and worldly philosophy that seduces the soul from Wisdom/Christ. The "honor" surrendered in v. 9 is then one's baptismal dignity — the royal priesthood of 1 Peter 2:9. This typology was developed by St. Jerome, who saw in the lament of vv. 11–14 a portrait of apostasy: the soul who traded the Church's instruction for the world's counterfeit wisdom and woke to find itself impoverished.

The Anagogical Sense — Eschatological Grief: The "groaning at the latter end" (v. 11) anticipates the theology of final judgment in a striking way. The Catechism teaches that at the particular judgment, the soul sees itself in the full truth of its choices (CCC 1022). The lament of vv. 12–14 is not yet damnation, but it is the anatomy of the conscience that refused grace while it was offered — a warning against the sin of presumption (CCC 2092).

The Fathers on Deferred Repentance: St. Augustine, reflecting on his own delayed conversion (Confessions VIII), understood this passage viscerally. His "too late have I loved Thee" is a theological echo of v. 12's "how I have hated instruction." The tragedy is not that forgiveness is unavailable, but that the will, long habituated to folly, may at last find itself unable to turn.

This passage confronts the contemporary Catholic with a challenge that has lost none of its urgency. The digital age has made the "door of her house" (v. 8) perpetually accessible — pornography, emotional affairs through social media, the slow drift of the heart toward fantasy — and has eliminated the friction that once made the near occasion of sin physically inconvenient. The father's strategy in v. 8 is architectural: don't rely on willpower at the moment of temptation; restructure your environment beforehand. This is the wisdom of internet filters, accountability partnerships, and the practice of custody of the eyes — not puritanism, but prudence.

The lament of vv. 11–14 is also an antidote to the modern spiritual disease of presumption: "I can stop whenever I want." The text shows us a man of full intelligence looking back on choices that seemed manageable in the moment and recognizing, too late, that each small surrender of "honor" (v. 9) compounded into total ruin. Catholic confession offers the remedy — but the remedy must be sought while the will still reaches for it. The Sacrament of Penance is not a reset button to be timed strategically; it is a grace to be received urgently, before the groaning of v. 11 becomes the only prayer left.